我5月27-28号在布鲁塞尔IBFed第42次董事会“提问与讨论环节”就若干金融热点所提问题与解答，工作人员根据录音进行了整理，现将整理稿贴此，请群友分享。
关于欧元贬值
About the euro’s depreciation
问：对于欧元贬值的现状，您作何评论？您认为目前欧元的价值是否合适？
Question: What’s your comment on the euro’s depreciation currently? Do you think the euro’s value at present is just ok or not?
答1（IBFed主席、欧洲银行业联合会（EBF）首席执行官Wim Mijs先生）：关于货币政策有很多相关的文章和报道。我对于欧元的价值表示担忧，但是可能在座的其他来自欧洲的同仁对此持不同甚至相反的观点。我认为，我们目前处于一个长期的低利率环境中，而银行在这种环境中的盈利能力令人担忧。欧洲央行（ECB）执行的量化宽松政策可以当作一个短期的应对手段，不过但愿他们已经制定好了相应的退出计划及方案，因为在我看来，长期（比如2年以上）执行这种手段是令人担忧的。
Answered by Wim Mijs, Chairman of IBFed and Chief Executive of EBF:There are always articles or reports on monetary policy. But I think I worry about the value of the euro, but firstly maybe some of my colleagues from Europe perhaps have reverse or different views on that. I think we are in a long-term low interest rate environment which is a worry for the profitability of the banks. The easing done by ECB can be taken as a short term measure. But I hope they have an exit plan as well because I think in the long term, more than 2 years, this would be a worry.
答2 （俄罗斯银行协会分析部负责人Serge Grigoryan）：我认为这个问题就好比一个硬币有两面。一方面，欧元目前的货币价值很低并且预计在未来一段时间内可能将继续贬值。另一方面，欧洲经济高度依赖出口，而欧元贬值有利于欧元区国家的出口，进而从一定程度上促进了欧洲经济。从这一角度来看，欧元继续贬值也有一定的价值，特别是对于那些贸易能力提升的中小企业。
Answered by Serge Grigoryan, Head of Analysis Division, Association of Russian Banks：I think there are 2 sides to the coin. One side is the value of the currency is low and projected to be low for the intermediate future. But on the other hand, a lot of EU economy depends on export. Of course for this part, this is beneficial for the euro zone’s export. So part of that still needs to trickle through especially to some of SMEs that are seeing trade capacity up.
关于欧央行新闻发布会抗议袭击事件
ECB News Conference Protester Incident
问：今年4月，我看到了一则新闻报道：欧洲央行行长德拉吉在举行新闻发布会期间，一名女抗议者向他袭击，并高呼“结束ECB专政”，令新闻发布会一度中断。请问这仅仅是一个个别事件，还是代表了欧洲广大公众的态度？
Question: About a month ago, I read a piece of news that a news conference by European Central Bank (ECB) president Mario Draghi was briefly interrupted when a young woman suddenly attacked and charged at Draghi calling for an "end to the ECB dictatorship". I wonder whether this is a very individual case or represents the public attitude.
答（欧洲银行业联合会副会长Robert Priester）：这个问题问的很好。我认为，这仅仅是一次个别事件。从某种意义上说，这是以一种激进的方式强调欧洲及欧元区国家社会民众的紧张、不安和担忧，比如说一些债权国（德国等）对于是否有必要对经济形势较差的欧元区国家（希腊位居榜首）进行援助或援助多少以及相关风险表示担忧。因此，社会公众对此感到紧张和不安是必然的，只不过欧洲央行（ECB）新闻发布会上的女抗议者所采取的方式是一种极其个别的、极端和特殊的表现。
Answered by Robert Priester, Deputy Chief Executive, European Banking Federation: That’s a very good question. I think it was an isolated incident. In a sense, it was very aggressive in a few points, underlying a tension in society around the Europe and possibly the euro zone countries where certainly in some of the creditor nations Germany being with the risk or concerns over how much or if there is a necessity to come to aid some of the weaker Euro zone countries with Greece being very much at the top of the list. So there are tensions in society of this, but the way to manifest at the ECB news conference, I think, is an isolated and really exceptional manifestation of that.
关于数字银行/互联网银行
Digital Banking/Internet Banking
问：我想确认一下您所提及的数字银行和互联网银行是否是同一个概念。在中国，互联网银行目前是一个特别热门的话题。几乎每个星期，都会有关于互联网银行的会议或论坛，足以可见互联网银行这一话题有多热门。如果您所提及的数字银行和互联网银行是同一个概念，接下来我想谈一下我个人的一些观点和看法。
在我看来，数字银行/互联网银行对于整个银行业带来了变革性影响。数字银行/互联网银行影响的不仅仅是支付系统，还影响着金融服务方式、金融/商业模式以及许多金融解决方案等。此外，数字银行/互联网银行的发展也带来了挑战，这种挑战不仅仅是对传统银行业的挑战，银行业监管也面临着新的挑战，比如，如何识别数字银行/互联网银行的新风险，等等。如果未来消费者仅接受网上银行，那么银行业将面临一个重大问题。
Question: I wonder whether the concept ofdigital banking you mentioned is similar to internet banking. In China, internet banking is very popular and also very hot topic. Almost every week, there is a conference or forum on internet banking in China because it’s very hot topic. If so, to my understanding, the impact of digital banking or internet banking is revolutionary in banking industry. It not only impacts payment system but also impacts financial services way or financial commercial model as well as many financial solutions. Besides, it’s not only a challenge for traditional banking, but also a challenge for banking regulation, for example, how to recognize the new risks online. If only online banking is acceptable, there will be a very significant problem facing the banking industry. So I think if the concept of digital banking is similar to internet banking, I think it’s a very big question.
答（美国银行家协会金融机构、政策及监管事物副会长Wayne Abernathy）：是的，的确如您所说。我认为这次讨论也十分重要，并且很有价值。大家在讨论中所提及的挑战也确确实实存在，我认为这实际上也很难处理。不过，我想乐观一些,我们发现在美国，消费者对数字银行/互联网银行的产品存在的最大的担心和顾虑是安全和信任问题。这对于传统银行业而言恰恰是一个机会，传统银行业应该把握这一机会，向消费者展示自身在消费者信心和信任等方面的优势。银行业应该高度重视这一机会，并且建立自身的竞争优势。
Answered by Wayne Abernathy, Executive Vice President for Financial Institutions, Policy & Regulatory Affairs, American Bankers Association: Yes, it is. I really appreciate this discussion, which I think is very important. The challenges people mentioned is very very real and I think it’s very significant and very difficult to deal with. But I want to offer a sense of optimism. We just found that one of the most significant worry that consumers or customers have with products in digital banking or internet banking and so forth is security and trust in US. That’s the opportunity for the banking industry to take to demonstrate the advantages when it comes to consumer confidence and trust and to handle their digital communication. For this great opportunity, the banking industry should place a lot of emphasis and build their competitive advantages.
关于主权债务危机
Sovereign Debts Crisis
问：请问欧洲主权债务危机是由欧洲体制安排内部根深蒂固的问题引发的还是仅仅是暂时性的？
Question: I wonder if the sovereign debts problems or crisis deeply or internally existing in Europe institutional arrangement or just temporary and will pass away in future.
答（欧盟委员会金融系统监管及危机管理委员会主任John Berrigan先生）：我认为问题早在危机爆发之前就存在。我们的确面临一些问题，并且我们将长期面临一部分问题，因此我们无法迅速退出危机。短期的一些行动措施或刺激政策在一定程度上有助于解决一部分问题。然而，长期来看，我们必须进行改革，比如货币政策调控改革等，以便于推动欧洲经济重新回到一个可持续发展和增长的模式。短期看来，欧洲经济发展存在较强的推动力，但中期看来，还是有许多阻力因素存在的。金融稳定性风险在危机之后仍旧存在，不容忽视。
Answered by John Berrigan, Director Financial System Surveillance and Crisis Management, DG FISMA: I think the problem we have is before the crisis. We have several problems. And we are now facing some problems for a long term. So we are not able to quit very quickly. Short-term actions or stimulus could help remove part of problems. But in the long-term, we will have to undertake reforms such as monetary regulation reform and so forth to get Europe economy back in a sustainable development and growth model. There were strong economic tailwinds in the short term but strong headwinds in the medium term and financial stability risk remained post crisis.
关于消费者金融教育
Consumers Financial Education
观点阐述: 关于消费者或公众金融教育，我认为有三个要素十分重要。
首先，我们必须帮助消费者了解如何使用各种各样的金融服务；其次，我们应该教育消费者意识到诚信的宝贵价值所在，这一点很重要；最后，我们应该帮助金融消费者了解并且掌握如何防范各种形式的金融犯罪和诈骗。随着金融行业的发展，许多金融犯罪手段也在不断发展。因此，金融消费者必须了解并掌握如何防范各种复杂、高级的金融犯罪，这一点也至关重要。这些是我关于消费者金融教育的一些看法。
Executive Vice President Yang’s comments:
As for financial education to consumers or the public, I think 3 elements are very significant.
Firstly, I think we must tell financial consumers to understand how to use varieties of financial services;Secondly, we should educate financial consumers to understand that keeping credit or integrity is valuable, which’s very important;Thirdly, we should educate financial consumers to understand or know how to protect against every variety of financial crimes because as finance advances, many financial crimes also develop. So financial consumers should know and understand how to protect against variety of complex or advanced financial crimes, which is very important. That’s my opinion.
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